The Jupiter moons were added recently to a list kept by the International Astronomical Union’s Minor Planet Center, said Scott Sheppard of the Carnegie Institution, who was part of the team.

In April, the European Space Agency is sending a spacecraft to Jupiter to study the planet and some of its biggest, icy moons.

And next year, NASA will launch the Europa Clipper to explore Jupiter’s moon of the same name, which could harbor an ocean beneath its frozen crust.

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As explained in their most recent study published in Nature Communications, the team has developed a method that allows them to modify quinolines, small organic molecules with an aromatic nitrogen heterocycle, with B-, Si-, and carbon-containing groups simultaneously.

Finally, by stimulating and eventually breaking the Si-B bond with blue light, the B and Si groups reorganize in a predictable fashion, attaching themselves at different locations within the nitrogen heterocycle.

Most notably, the proposed method provided excellent stereo-, chemo-, and regio-selectivity, meaning that the reaction produced the desired compound with high specificity.

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The study was led by Grace Horne, as part of her undergraduate thesis at Colby College in Maine, in collaboration with researchers at The Caterpillar Lab in New Hampshire and the Oak Spring Garden Foundation in Virginia.

A new study shows landscape managers that choosing the right replacements for ash is critical for such ash-reliant native insects, such as Sphinx kalmiae, shown here.

Sphinx kalmiae is one of the three ash-specialist moth species included in the study, shown here on privet ( Ligustrum vulgare) under ultraviolet light during a field survey.

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The resulting image shows a golden glow of molecular clouds of gas threading through the spiral arms and the existence of already-formed stars.

MUSE is an extremely powerful and innovative 3D spectrograph with a wide field of view, providing simultaneous spectra of numerous adjacent regions in the sky.

This study of NGC 4303 is part of a larger effort called the Physics at High Angular Resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS) project.

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MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif. – Small satellite manufacturers should prepare for the emergence of rideshare flights on the SpaceX Starship spacecraft and Super Heavy launch vehicle, according to panelists speaking Feb. 7 at the SmallSat Symposium here.

“When the first Transporter mission started going, the number of smallsats launched on small launchers just fell off a cliff,” said Fletcher Franklin, BryceTech senior program manager.

At the same time, Shalini Bhatia, Deloitte Consulting principal, said “Growth in services provided by smallsats hyperscales with manufacturing and high-capacity launch.”

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Fractures in the ice shell may be the initiation points of these canyons along the global tectonic belt of ridges that traverse the face of Charon, separating the northern and southern geological regions of the moon.

In 2015, when NASA's New Horizons spacecraft encountered the Pluto-Charon system, the Southwest Research Institute-led science team discovered interesting, geologically active objects instead of the inert icy orbs previously envisioned.

These new models suggest that when the moon's internal ocean froze, it may have formed the deep, elongated depressions along its girth but was less likely to lead to cryovolcanoes erupting with ice, water and other materials in its northern hemisphere.

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